Ngaro ai ngā pūtaka ion lithium matatika hei tūtohu mō ō rātou kohinga taumaha matua, e āheinga ana i te 150 Wh/kg. Ko tēnei āhuatanga he pai tōna mō ngā whakamahi kei reira ko te mana o te manaaki me te wāhi, pērā i ngā motokā ekepana me ngā rīpoata kawe. Hei tauira, e nui ake ana te kohinga taumaha, e tino nui ake ana te waihotanga e taea ana e ngā pūtaka nei, kia tae noa ai ngā rīpoata ki te mahi i te roa, kāore i te nui ake i te rahi rānei, i te mana rānei. Nā tēnei, ka hiki atu ngā pūnaha e tiaki ana i te iti me te whai kawa, pērā i te pūnaha motokā ekepana, ki te whakarongo atu ki ēnei pūtaka hei whakapai hoki i te whanonga me te wanaungatanga o te whakamahi.
Nā te mea hoki, e ai ki ngā whakamahi o ēnei pūtēti, he nui te mahi pai i te whakamahere āhuarangi, tiakina ana ngā hokohoko i waenganui i ngā wā o te whakapae me te tuku atu. Ko tēnei mahi pai ka hurihia hei pai ake te mahi me te roa ake o te whakamahi i ngā mīhini, whakamanahia nei hei pai noa iho mō ngā rorohiko whai kai me ngā whakamahi pakihi. Ko te kurae o ngā pūtēti lithium-ion matatika ki te mahi pai i runga i ngā āhuatanga katoa e whai ana ki te roa ake o te oranga o ngā mīhini, ā, e tautoko ana i ngā tikanga āhuarangi whakaora ā-ao mā te iti i te hokohoko āhuarangi kore tangata.
He mea nui te whakahaere pai o ngā pūtēti lithium-ion mō tō rātou rahinga huanga hiko e whai ake nei, e mahi ana rātou ki te rapu wāhi nui atu i te hiko i roto i tētahi hangarau iti. Ko tēnei pūkenga he mea nui i te ao o tenei rā, nā te mea ka iti noa atu ngā kōrero ā-wāhine, engari ka nui ake te mana moana. Hei tauira, ko ngā waka hiko (EVs) me ngā kōrero kaweake tonu e paunga tonu nei i tēnei atawahe, nā te mea ka whai oranga rātou mo te wā roa tuatahitia ki te kore whakahoki anō i te wa. Ko te rahinga huanga hiko nui hoki e huri ana ki te whanaketanga, me utu ake rātou hei whakapono mō ngā hiahia hangarau o tenei rā.
Te hanganga wehewehe me te iti nui o ngā pūtēti lihimea he taumata e taea ana te whakapakari i te pai me te aroha mai ki runga i ngā whenua. Ko tēnei hanga ka tiakina ngā utu tohu me ngā mahi whakahaere, tōmuri atu he painga nui, ēngari i roto i ngā whenua pērā i te rorohiko, kei reira i kitea ia ia rama. Pēnei hoki, ko te ahurea iti nui o ēnei pūtēti ka taea te whakauru māmā ki ngā kōrero iti me ngā rauemi matihiko, kāore i te whakawehewehe i te mana ākiaki rānei me te hāpai. Ko tēnei hei tika mō ngā pūkoro pērā i ngā waea me ngā momo rorohiko whakanuia, kei reira i kitea te wāhi hei whakamana.
Kei te whai take ngā hua o te whakamahere mō te whakaputa āwhina i te hunga tūranga matihiko nui. Ka pēhi e rātou i te wā kua noho kore mahi ngā tūru, me whiwhi ake i te whakarite i ngā taiao kioreore me te kino. Nā ngā paihikara tuhinga, ka taea e ētahi pūtau lithium-ion i tēnei wā te whakaputa i te kotahi rau e 80% i roto i ngā meneti rānei. Ko tēnei āhua whakaputa haere noa iho he mea nui mō ngā whakamahi e hiahiatia ana te tū tonu, pērā i ngā taputapu hanga me ngā rautaki mate urupare, kia whakatūria ai ngā tūru hei whakahoki ki te mahi anō i muri i te whakaputa.
He whakapuakitanga nui ngā pūtēti lihime-īon e āheinga ana i te kāwhangahanga motokā hiko (EV), whakarerekētia ai te hunga motokā hoki i raro i te whakaaro mō te oranga o te taiao. Nā ēnei pūtēti ka tukua i ngā motokā i ngā wāhi hiko e hiahiatia ana hei whakamana i te haere noho me te pai. Hei tauira, kei runga ētahi motokā hou ki te whakaatu i runga i te 300 mail i tētahi huringa anake, whakaatu mai i te mea e tautoko ana ēnei pūtēti i te haere roa ki waenganui i ngā wā huringa atu. Kāore i te mea nei e whai ake nei i te whakawhanaketanga o te hiko pai, engari he whakapai hoki i te whaimana me te whakaaweawe o ngā motokā EV, whakamahia ai te hanga o ēnei motokā ki waho.
Kei te whai take nui ngā pūtēti lihium-iona i roto i ngā rārangi tūruirui ā-wairua, e ēheke ana e ēnei ki ngā whakatere āhuarangi, pērā i ngā kōwhiringa wakaora me ngā hau marangai. Kia whai mana hei rongoā whakarato i te wā, ka whakapau tonu i te taurite i te tuku me te paihikanga, ka taea he wairua i ahu noa ai - ahakoa kāore te rā i mōhio, ko te hau hoki i mōhio. Nā te mea hoki, ka whakapai ēnei pūtēti i te haumanutanga o te rārangi, he mea nui tēnā mo te tuku wairua pai, ā, kei te itinga rawa i ngā rārangi tūruirui whare me ngā rārangi tūruirui ā-porihitanga. Ki te taea e rātau te whakarato me te whakataunga wairua pai, ka tūrangahia e rātau i te ara whakamana i te tuku wairua.
Ki ngā pēpi hūmanga ki ngā rorohiko whakamahi, he mea nui te whakahaere i ngā paenga kōwhiri ā-tau lithium-ion mo te mahi o ngā irirangi e taea te hīkoi. Ko tō rātou iti me te maha o te huanga ēnei iwi e whakaaeke ana i ēnei whare e noho ai hei maha ngā mahi, engari he manaaki, koe ka ea ki te kawe. Ko tēnei huanga e whai wāhi ana i te whakamahia ake i te wā moe kore, e tautoko ana i ngā hiahia o te ao hou mo te hīkoi me te whakahaere. Ki te whai ake te hunga whakangungu, ka whakahaere tonu ēnei paenga i ngā whakaaturanga mōhiohio ake i roto i ngā whare iti nei, e tino tautoko ana i te mea ko te hīkoi kaore i whakapae ki te whakahaere.
Kei te whai hua nui ngā pūtahi iōna lihime nei i runga i ngā pūtahi piriponi tūtonu. Tuatahitia, ko te kuhanga o rātau eka hei toru waahanga o te kuhanga eka o ngā pūtahi piriponi, mea atu he taaputanga nui ake hei whakamahi i roto i ētahi mōhiotanga. Ko tēnei kuhanga eka nui ake ka huri ki te kaha o te wā e huringa ana, e hiahia ana ki ngā mōhiotanga e hiahiatia ana kia noho tonu ai te kawe huringa, pērā i ngā motokā huringa me ngā rangahau kawe huringa. No reira, ko te rāwhiti o te pūtahi iōna lihime kei te iti rawa atu i te rāwhiti o ngā pūtahi piriponi. E hīnākau ana tēnei ki te whakamana i rātau kawe moe, arā, ka noho rātau moe i te wā e kore e whakamahi ana, nā tēnei ka whakatīngia te wā o rātau moenga me te itinga o te whakahaere, me te whakaaetanga he whakaaetanga pai utu i te wā e houhou ana.
Ki te whakatau ki ngā pūtē tihi nīkere, e mohiotia ana ngā pūtē tihi lihium-iona i ētahi pai ake. He tino pai rawa hoki tō rātou kēmu e kore nei i te 'memory effect', e whai wāhi ana i ngā pūtē tihi nīkere. Ko tēnei āhuatanga e mahi ai i te waehanga whakarite tihi o ngā pūtē tihi lihium-iona, me te whakawhiwhi i te whakamahana mō te orokohanga. No reira, ka nui ake te whakahē ki te whakamahi tonu i ngā rā. Ahakoa, e tino maha anō hoki ngā raupapa whakarite-tukunga tihi o ngā pūtē tihi lihium-iona, e hīnati ana i te wā e taea ai te whakapau ki te whakahoutanga. Ko tēnei wā e hirango ana i te oranga pai mō ngā whakamahi, inā he iti noa iho ngā ra e pa ana ki te utu me te kore whakamahana i te whakahoutanga tihi. Nā ēnei pai, ko ngā pūtē tihi lihium-iona e kitea ana hei tino whakaaro mō ngā whakamahi e hiahiatia ana ngā pūmanawa matua me ngā pūmanawa tika tonu.
Ko te whakahaere horahanga tika hei whai wāhi mo te whakamana me te roa o ngā pūtahi lithium-ion. E hiahiatia ana ngā pūtahi nei i ngā rōpū waipū kei te whanake i te māuiui, inaianei i waenga i ngā raunga nui. Ki te kore e pai ai te whakahaere horahanga, ka taea te tahū i roto i te pūtahi, e āheitia nei te whakapakaru i ngā kēwae me te whakaiti i te matakuwhenua katoa. Kua hangaia ngā hunga mōhiotanga matua, pērā i ngā rauemi whakarerekē taiao, hei āwhina i te tatau i te werawera o ēnei pūtahi ki te whakapau me te whakahoki werawera i te mea tēnā. Ko tēnei e āhei ana ki te whakamātau i te wehewehe mahi pai, e whai ake ana i te roa o te pūtahi me te tirotiro whenua pai.
Kei runga ngā pūtē tihi-iona me ngā huringa whakangungu ā-tau me etahi atu whakamātau haumaru hei whakatōmuri i te haumaru me te tūponotanga o te mahi. Nui rawa ngā huringa nei, nā rātau i whakanoho i ngā wāhanga e pā ana, pērā i te tuhinga roa, te tahua roa, me te korekore whakarereke. Neke atu noa, kei te hunga haumaru etahi atu whakamahi, pērā i ngā waewae whakawātea tohu me ngā uaua whakamutu kaiwhakahaere, ka whai take nui ki te whakaiti i ngā uiuitanga e pā ana ki te whakamahi pūtē. Ka taea e ngā waewae whakawātea tohu te whakahaere i ngā huinga hāpori i roto, nō reira ka mutu ngā ara hiko i te wā e whakapā mai ana te urupō, ka whakamanaia ai ngā momo ahua. E āhei ana ēnei kaiwhakaū i te mahi haumaru o ngā pūtē tihi-iona i roto i ngā hanganga whakaaetia, ka tautoko anō hoki i tō rātou whakamahi maha i waenganui i ngā tūranga rerekē.
He rangahau mōhiohio whai wāhi i te pūnaha kīmika o ngā pūtē e whakamua ana i te whakatūnga o ngā pūtē matū, nō reira ngā pai anō i roto i te haumaru me te haurite i runga i ngā pūtē lithium-ion tawhito. E whai ake nei ngā whai wāhi ki ngā rara hou, pērā i ngā waiū ioni matua, e whakapai ana i te rapanga ēneji me te tono whakamahi i te hanga. Hei tauira, ko te tukanga hou i te hunga matū i tirohia nei i te whakamahinga i tētahi tohu me te rapanga ēneji nui atu, he 1070 Wh/L, e 25% nui ake i ngā pūtē lithium-ion o nāianei. Nō reira, e āhei ana ēnei tuhinga hou ki te whakawhanake i ngā tūtohunga o ngā pūtē i waenganui i ngā ratonga katoa, mai i ngā ipurangi whakamuihi ki ngā motokā hiko.
Kei te whai ngātahi tonu te whakatatū i te taiao hei mea nui i roto i te wā katoa o ngā pūtau iti-ihorere, e ārao ana i ngā momo hanganga e pai ana i te taiao me ngā tūranga whakahoki. Kei te mahi ngā mōhiotanga ki te whakahoki i ngā pūtau whakamutunga hei whakahokia i ngā rauemi nui ake, e whakanui ana i te whakaiti haere i ngā rēhita me te hiahia ki ngā rawa matua. Nā te whakaae ki te whakahaere kāpiti i roto i ngā wāhi ā-moe me te whakamahinga i ngā rauemi iti cobalt, ka taea te whakarite i ngā huringa hauropū CO2 me te whakaiti i te tohu aniwaniwa o te karboni. Ko tēnei hurihuri atu ki ngā tikanga e pai ana i te taiao e whakamana ana i te whakapono kaore he mea nui te whakahaere i ngā pūtau i mua i te wā, e whakauru ana i te whai painga me te tiaki i te taiao.
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